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		<title>WikiSysop: Created page with &quot;== Citation ==  Mullick, B.; Wang, Y.; Yadav, P. &amp;amp; Farimani, A. B. Learning Super-Resolution Electron Density Map of Proteins using 3D U-Net. Proc. Machine Learning for St...&quot;</title>
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		<updated>2021-06-11T08:20:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== Citation ==  Mullick, B.; Wang, Y.; Yadav, P. &amp;amp; Farimani, A. B. Learning Super-Resolution Electron Density Map of Proteins using 3D U-Net. Proc. Machine Learning for St...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Citation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mullick, B.; Wang, Y.; Yadav, P. &amp;amp;amp; Farimani, A. B. Learning Super-Resolution Electron Density Map of Proteins using 3D U-Net. Proc. Machine Learning for Structural Biology Workshop, 2020&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Abstract ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A well-established protein structure is essential for understanding protein molecular&lt;br /&gt;
mechanism, phenotypic implication and drug discovery. Recent development of&lt;br /&gt;
cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) offers the advantage of easy sample preparation and not requiring crystallized protein for structural biology. However, the&lt;br /&gt;
resolution of cryo-EM electron density maps used to determine protein structure,&lt;br /&gt;
is not at par with X-ray diffraction (XRD) or NMR. In this work, we propose to&lt;br /&gt;
leverage a deep learning-based model to increase the resolution of low-quality&lt;br /&gt;
electron density maps. The model is built upon U-Net with 3D convolutional&lt;br /&gt;
layers, which contains three components: encoder, bottleneck, and decoder. To&lt;br /&gt;
get paired maps of different resolutions, we collect high-resolution maps from&lt;br /&gt;
XRD as ground truth labels. While the low-resolution maps are obtained through&lt;br /&gt;
a noise model which combines dilation operations, Gaussian filters and Gaussian&lt;br /&gt;
noise. We also introduce data augmentation techniques during model training, like&lt;br /&gt;
random cropping, rotation, and flipping. Experiments show that when applied to&lt;br /&gt;
low-resolution electron maps, the U-Net model can improve the resolution in the&lt;br /&gt;
metric of EMRinger score, which redesigns the map so that it resolves the regions&lt;br /&gt;
of ambiguity to offer greater certainty in the position of amino acids.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Keywords ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://www.mlsb.io/papers/MLSB2020_Learning_Super-Resolution_Electron_Density.pdf&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Related software ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Related methods ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Comments ==&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
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