WikiSysop: Created page with "== Citation == Gusach, A., Sader, K. and Russo, C.J. 2025. Outrunning protein diffusion to the air–water interface in cryoEM. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 122, 43 (2025), e2516900122. == Abstract == Here, we report a series of measurements indicating that it is physically possible to thin and vitrify a specimen for electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) faster than proteins diffuse to the air–water interface. We achieved this by spraying picoliter vo..."

2025-11-06T14:04:38Z

Created page with "== Citation == Gusach, A., Sader, K. and Russo, C.J. 2025. Outrunning protein diffusion to the air–water interface in cryoEM. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 122, 43 (2025), e2516900122. == Abstract == Here, we report a series of measurements indicating that it is physically possible to thin and vitrify a specimen for electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) faster than proteins diffuse to the air–water interface. We achieved this by spraying picoliter vo..."

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== Citation ==

Gusach, A., Sader, K. and Russo, C.J. 2025. Outrunning protein diffusion to the air–water interface in cryoEM. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 122, 43 (2025), e2516900122.

== Abstract ==

Here, we report a series of measurements indicating that it is physically possible to thin
and vitrify a specimen for electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) faster than proteins diffuse
to the air–water interface. We achieved this by spraying picoliter volume droplets at
speeds of hundreds of meters per second into a thin layer of liquid ethane coating the
surface of a precooled specimen support. The droplets simultaneously collapsed and
froze in microseconds into the amorphous phase as they landed on the surface. The
atomic structure of the proteins was preserved and tomographic reconstructions of
the vitrified specimens indicated adhesion to the interfaces was eliminated. Improved
control of the final thickness of the specimen and the orientation distribution of
the particles are now the limiting factors. This demonstration provides a basis for
the development of specimen preparation methods and instruments that eliminate the
detrimental effects of the air–water interface in cryoEM.

== Keywords ==

== Links ==

https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2516900122

== Related software ==

== Related methods ==

== Comments ==

2025Gusach Diffusion - Revision history