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	<title>2025Zheng Disorder - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-05-24T21:06:56Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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		<id>https://3demmethods.i2pc.es/index.php?title=2025Zheng_Disorder&amp;diff=5062&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>WikiSysop: Created page with &quot;== Citation ==  Zheng, S. 2025. Exploring the Bottleneck in Cryo-EM Dynamic Disorder Feature and Advanced Hybrid Prediction Model. Biophysica. 5, 3 (2025), 39.  == Abstract ==  Cryo-electron microscopy single-particle analysis (cryo-EM SPA) has advanced threedimensional protein structure determination, yet resolving intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs/IDRs) remains challenging due to conformational heterogeneity. This research evaluates cryo-EM’s capaci...&quot;</title>
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		<updated>2025-09-11T07:27:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== Citation ==  Zheng, S. 2025. Exploring the Bottleneck in Cryo-EM Dynamic Disorder Feature and Advanced Hybrid Prediction Model. Biophysica. 5, 3 (2025), 39.  == Abstract ==  Cryo-electron microscopy single-particle analysis (cryo-EM SPA) has advanced threedimensional protein structure determination, yet resolving intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs/IDRs) remains challenging due to conformational heterogeneity. This research evaluates cryo-EM’s capaci...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Citation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Zheng, S. 2025. Exploring the Bottleneck in Cryo-EM Dynamic Disorder Feature and Advanced Hybrid Prediction Model. Biophysica. 5, 3 (2025), 39.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Abstract ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cryo-electron microscopy single-particle analysis (cryo-EM SPA) has advanced threedimensional&lt;br /&gt;
protein structure determination, yet resolving intrinsically disordered proteins&lt;br /&gt;
and regions (IDPs/IDRs) remains challenging due to conformational heterogeneity. This&lt;br /&gt;
research evaluates cryo-EM’s capacity to map dynamic regions, assesses the adaptability&lt;br /&gt;
of disorder prediction tools, and explores optimization strategies for dynamic structure&lt;br /&gt;
prediction. Cryo-EM SPA datasets from 2000 to 2024 were categorized into different periods,&lt;br /&gt;
forming a database integrating sequence data and disorder indices. Established prediction&lt;br /&gt;
tools—AlphaFold2 (pLDDT), flDPnn, and IUPred—were evaluated for transferability,&lt;br /&gt;
while a multi-level CLTC hybrid model (combining CNN, LSTM, Transformer, and CRF&lt;br /&gt;
architectures) was developed to link local conformational fluctuations with global sequence&lt;br /&gt;
contexts. Analyses revealed consistent advancements in average resolution and model&lt;br /&gt;
counts over the past decade, although mapping disordered regions remained technically&lt;br /&gt;
demanding. Both the adapted AlphaFold pLDDT and the CLTC model demonstrated&lt;br /&gt;
efficacy in predicting structurally variable and poorly resolved regions. A subset of the&lt;br /&gt;
cryo-EM missing residues exhibited intermediate conformational features, suggesting classification&lt;br /&gt;
ambiguities potentially influenced by experimental conditions. These findings&lt;br /&gt;
systematically outline the evolving capabilities of cryo-EM in resolving dynamic regions,&lt;br /&gt;
benchmark the adaptability of computational tools, and introduce a hybrid model to enhance&lt;br /&gt;
prediction accuracy. This study provides a framework for addressing conformational&lt;br /&gt;
heterogeneity, contributing to methodological advancements in structural biology.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Keywords ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4125/5/3/39&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Related software ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Related methods ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Comments ==&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
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